Sociology
Paper-II
(USEFUL FOR APPSC ASSISTANT DIRECTOR (RESEARCH) IN A.P. TRIBAL WELFARE STATE SERVICE EXAM)
1. Who among the following authors initially used the term ‘social physics’ for Sociology?
(A) Spencer
(B) Comte
(C) Tonnies
(D) Weber
Ans : (B)
2. An author thought of ‘society to be consisting in the conscious-ness of kind’.
Identify from among the following—
(A) Cooley
(B) Ward
(C) Simmel
(D) Giddings
Ans : (D)
3. What does the social relationship primarily involve ?
(A) Institutions
(B) Religion
(C) Consciousness of other people
(D) Associations
Ans : (C)
4. A group organised to achieve a certain purpose is known as which among the following ?
(A) Institution
(B) Community
(C) Association
(D) State
Ans : (C)
5. Who among the following thought of religion to an opium of the people ?
(A) Freud
(B) Mosca
(C) Marx
(D) Durkheim
Ans : (C)
6. Who said : “Civilization is always advancing but not culture.” ?
(A) Johnson
(B) MacIver
(C) Toynbee
(D) Berger
Ans : (B)
7. Match the authors (List-I) with their books (List-II)—
List-I(a) MacIver
(b) Davis
(c) Berger
(d) Bierstedt
List-II
1. Invitation to Sociology
2. Society
3. The Social Order
4. Human Society
Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 2 3 4 1
(B) 1 2 4 3
(C) 2 1 3 4
(D) 2 4 1 3
Ans : (D)
8. Which is the basic distinction between culture and civilization ?
(A) Culture is what we have achieved and civilization is what we aspire to achieve
(B) Culture is what comes out of intelligence but civilization is what comes out of experience
(C) Culture is secondary but civilization is primary
(D) Culture is what we are and civilization is what we have
Ans : (D)
9. Ceremonies that mark a critical transition in the life of an individual from one phase of life-cycle to another are called—
(A) Role-taking
(B) Rites of Passage
(C) Status Crystallization
(D) Status set
Ans : (B)
10. Who among the following gave the concept of anticipatory socialisation ?
(A) Merton
(B) Parsons
(C) Homans
(D) Sumner
Ans : (A)
11. Read the following two statements (A) Assertion and (R) Reason, and select the correct answer from the codes given below—
Assertion (A) : Monogamy is the most common form of marriage in the contemporary society.
Reason (R) : Status of women gets enhanced only through monogamy.
Codes :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true
Ans : (C)
12. Match List-I with List-II by using the codes given below—
List-I
(a) Ingroup and outgroup
(b) Primary and secondary group
(c) Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
(d) Closed and open groups
List-II1. Homans
2. Tonnies
3. Cooley
4. Summer
5. Durkheim
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 4 2 3 1
(B) 4 3 2 1
(C) 3 2 1 4
(D) 4 1 3 2
Ans : (B)
13. When a girl of the higher caste marries a boy of the lower caste, the system is known as—
(A) Levirate
(B) Anuloma
(C) Sororate
(D) Pratiloma
Ans : (D)
14. In the matriarchal family the position of a Woman is recognised to be supreme in all matters.
Which of the following is not its characteristic ?
(A) Descent is reckoned through mother
(B) Marriage relations are not permanent
(C) Wife lives in the house of her husband
(D) Property is inheritable by the females
Ans : (C)
15. Who has given the concept of atomistic family ?
(A) Murdock
(B) Zimmerman
(C) Durkheim
(D) Warner
Ans : (B)
16. Match List-I (Rules of Restriction) with List-II (Name of Rule) and select the correct answer using the code given below the list—
List-I
(a) One should seek a spouse from outside one’s descent group.
(b) Women of the higher caste cannot marry men of lower caste.
(c) One should marry only within one’s caste group.
(d) The men of higher caste could marry women of lower caste.
List-II1. Pratiloma
2. Exogamy
3. Anuloma
4. Endogamy
Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 4 1 2 3
(B) 2 3 4 1
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 2 1 4 3
Ans : (D)
17. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer from the codes given below—
List-I (Authors)
(a) Peter Worsley
(b) W. W. Rostow
(c) Andre Gunder Frank
(d) Reinhard Bendix
List-II (Books)
1. The Stages of Economic Growth
2. Under development or Revolution
3. The Third World
4. Nation Building and Citizenship : Studies of Our Changing Social Order
5. Asian Drama
Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 1 2 5 3
(B) 3 1 2 4
(C) 4 3 2 1
(D) 4 1 2 5
Ans : (B)
18. There is a lot of difference between ancient and modern bureaucracies. Which factor among the following does not denote this difference ?
(A) Greater specialization of functions
(B) Vastness of modern bureaucracy
(C) Dominant aspect of society
(D) Hierarchy of command
Ans : (D)
19. The ‘looking glass self’ means that we learn who we are—
(A) By self feeling
(B) By an act of imitation
(C) By other people’s experience with us
(D) By imaging ourselves to be someone else
Ans : (A)
20. The ‘super ego’ according to Freud represents the part of an individual’s personality that was created—
(A) Through socialization during the formative years
(B) Through socialization in the old age
(C) Through socialization process which occurs throughout one’s life
(D) None of the above
Ans : (C)
21. Which one of the following is not a functional utility of social stratification ?
(A) It helps in providing opportunities
(B) It develops a spirit of struggle
(C) It helps in deciding responsibility of everyone in the society
(D) It helps in identifying unsuitable persons in society
Ans : (D)
22. Which of the following theories makes us believe that caste system is not of human but of divine origin ?
(A) Racial theory
(B) Political theory
(C) Occupational theory
(D) Traditional theory
Ans : (D)
23. Which one of the following is an essential element of the social class ? Feeling of—
(A) Equality among the members of a class
(B) Superiority against those who are at the lower ladder of status
(C) Inferiority against those who are at the higher ladder of status
(D) All the above
Ans : (A)
24. Consider the following statements—
Sanskritization is the process of—
1. Orthogenetic change
2. Heterogenetic change
3. Change in cultural structure
4. Change in social structure
Which of the statement given above are correct ?
(A) 1 and 3
(B) 1 and 4
(C) 2 and 3
(D) 2 and 4
Ans : (C)
25. Which of the following concepts are applied to analyse the process of civilization change ?
(A) Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
(B) Zweckrational and Wertrational
(C) Mechanical and Organic Solidarity
(D) Sensate and Ideational Culture
Ans : (D)
26. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the list—
List-I
(a) Ethnic
(b) Reform
(c) Secessionist
(d) Subnational
List-II
1. Naga Movement
2. Jharkhand Movement
3. Birsa Movement
4. Bhakti Movement
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 3 2 1 4
(B) 1 4 3 2
(C) 3 4 1 2
(D) 1 2 3 4
Ans : (B)
27. Who propounded the theory of ‘Internal Structure of Role’ ?
(A) Radcliffe Brown
(B) Nadel
(C) Levistrauss
(D) Murdock
Ans : (B)
28. Who among the following formulated the theory of ‘Middle Class’ within the Marxian frame-work ?
(A) Collins
(B) Coser
(C) Dahrendorf
(D) Engles
Ans : (C)
29. According to Radcliffe-Brown, which of the following does not contribute to the integration and survival of the society ?
(A) Kinship system
(B) Leadership
(C) Lineage
(D) Rituals
Ans : (B)
30. Which of the following requisites is not applicable to symbolic system of Malinowski ?
(A) Production and distribution of consumer goods
(B) Social control and regulation of behaviour
(C) Organisation and execution of authority
(D) Communal rhythm in daily life and activities
Ans : (C)
31. In which of the following statements, Durkheim has identified the indirect functions of crime ?
(A) Collective sentiment against the infringement of norms
(B) Fear of punishment
(C) Flexibility in society
(D) None of the above
Ans : (A)
32. Who has advocated that functional analysis need not be con-fined to society as a whole but it can be extended to an organisation, institution or group ?
(A) Levistrauss
(B) Malinowski
(C) Parsons
(D) Merton
Ans : (C)
33. There are two statements, one Assertion (A) and other is Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes given below—
Assertion (A) : Social analysis of action is ultimately concerned with individuals and not collectivities.
Reason (R) : Collectivities are treated as solely the resultants and modes of organisation of particular acts of individuals and hence these alone can be treated as agents in a course of subjectively understandable action.
Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true
Ans : (A)
34. Which of the following is applicable to Pareto’s Logical Action ?
(A) Subjectively logical action
(B) Objectively logical action
(C) Both subjectively and objectively logical action
(D) None of the above
Ans : (B)
35. Which of the following is associated with basic principles of symbolic interaction ?
(A) People cannot modify the symbols us ed in interaction
(B) People can modify the symbols used in interaction based on subjective understanding
(C) People are able to modify or alter the symbols used in interaction based on the interpretation of situation
(D) People can modify symbols used in interaction based on the capacity to think
Ans : (C)
36. According to Marx, which of the following is considered to be the most crucial element for class struggle ?
(A) Class interest
(B) Class consciousness
(C) Class formation
(D) Class identity
Ans : (B)
37. Who was the first to use the comparative method or indirect experiment method in Sociology?
(A) Max Weber
(B) Emile Durkheim
(C) Herbert Spencer
(D) V. Pareto
Ans : (B)
38. Who has used ‘participant observation’ method for collection of data ?
(A) A. R. Radcliffe Brown
(B) B. Malinowski
(C) S. C. Dube
(D) N. K. Bose
Ans : (B)
39. Who has written on ‘objectivity’ in his methodological writings ?
(A) W. Dilthey
(B) Emile Durkheim
(C) Max Weber
(D) Daya Krishna
Ans : (B)
40. Match List-I with List-II and mark the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I (Books)
(a) Rules of Sociological Method
(b) Statistical Reasoning in Sociology
(c) Methodology of Social Sciences
(d) Methods in Social Research
List-II (Authors)
1. Goode and Hatt
2. Max Weber
3. Schuessler and Mueller
4. Emile Durkheim
5. P. F. Lazarsfeld
Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 1 2 3 4
(B) 2 3 4 1
(C) 3 4 2 1
(D) 4 3 2 1
Ans : (D)
41. Who has propounded the idea that we can treat social facts (phenomena) as things ?
(A) R. K. Merton
(B) Paul F. Lazarsfeld
(C) Emile Durkheim
(D) Max Weber
Ans : (C)
42. Which type of question(s) are investigated in exploratory research design ?
(A) Why is it ?
(B) What is it ?
(C) How is it ?
(D) All the above
Ans : (D)
43. Which method is more suitable for collecting data from non-literate communities ?
(A) Questionnaire
(B) Observation
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above
Ans : (B)
44. Purpose of case study method is—
(A) To generalize about relation-ships
(B) To explore desired relation-ships of a phenomenon
(C) To explore maximum possible relationships of a phenomenon
(D) To relate it to select relation-ships of a phenomenon
Ans : (C)
45. Which average can be calculated from an open ended table ?
(A) Median and Mode
(B) Mode and Mean
(C) Mean and Median
(D) None of the above
Ans : (B)
46. When one variable is qualitative and another variable is quantitative, which measure will be for finding covariation between them ?
(A) Yule’s (Q)
(B) Phi coefficient (Φ)
(C) Rank correlation (P)
(D) Chi square (χ2)
Ans : (D)
47. Match List-I with List-II and mark the correct answer from the codes given below the lists :
List-I(a) Participant Observation
(b) Social Facts
(c) Versetehen
(d) Middle range theory
List-II1. Max Weber
2. R. K. Merton
3. Emile Durkheim
4. A. R. Radcliffe-Brown
5. W. F. Whyte
Codes :
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) 5 3 1 2
(B) 4 3 2 5
(C) 3 4 2 1
(D) 4 2 1 5
Ans : (A)
48. Which of the following methods is known as probability sampling ?
(A) A sample selected by lottery from the totality
(B) A sample selected of those who were available
(C) A sample selected considering the purpose of research
(D) A sample selected by considering the various categories of respondents
Ans : (A)
49. Which one of the following statistics will be used to find out covariation between two qualitative variables ?
(A) Phi (Φ)
(B) Yule’s Q
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of the above
Ans : (C)
50. In which one of the following concepts has M. N. Srinivas explained caste mobility as a process of Social and Cultural change ?
(A) Sanskritization
(B) Secularization
(C) Westernization
(D) Modernization
Ans : (A)
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