IMPORTANT ABBREVATIONS
AAA Asian Athletics Association
AAFI The Amateur Athletics Federation of India
AC Ante Christum (Before Christ), Air Conditioner
ADB Asian Development Bank
AFI Athletics Federation of India
AFMC Armed Forces Medical College
AI Artifical Intelligence, Air India
AICTE All India Council for Technical Education
AIFF All India Football Federation
AIIMS All India Institute of Medical Science
AITUC All India Trade Union Congress
ALGOL Algebric Oriented Language
AM Ante Meridiem (before Noon), Amplitude Modulation
APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
ARPANET Advanced Research Project Agency Network
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
ASEAN Association of South East Asian Nations
ASLV Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
AT&T American Telegraphic and Telephone Co. Ltd.
ATC Air Traffic Control
ATM Automated Teller Machine
AVSM Ati Vishisht Seva Medal
B2B Busines to Business
B2C Business to Consumer
BARC Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
BBC British Broadcasting Corporation
BBS Bulletin Board Service
BC Before Christ
BHEL Bharat Heavy Electri-cals Ltd
BIOS Basic Input Output System
BIT Binary Digit
BPL Below Poverty Line
BPO Business Process Outsourcing
BPR Business Process Re-engineering
bps bytes per second
BSE Bombay Stock Exchange
BSF Border Security Force
BSNL Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited
C2C Consumer to Consumer
CA Chartered Accountant
CAD Com puter Aided Design
CAT Common Admis sion Test
CBI Central Bureau of Investigation
CBSE Central Board of Secondary Education
CDAC Centre for the Development of Advanced Computing
CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
CEO Chief Executive Officer
CFSL Central Forensic Science Laboratory
CGI Common Gateway Interface
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
CID Criminal Investigation Department
CISC Complex instruction-set computing
CITU Centre of Indian Trade Unions
CNN Cable News Network
COMSAT Communications Satellite Corporation
COPRA Consumer Protection Act
CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CPI(M) Communist Party of India / Marxist
CPWD Central Public Works Department
CRIS Centre for Railway Information System
CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
CTBT Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
CYMK Cyan, Yellow, Magenta, Kinda
D.Litt. Doctor of Literature
D.Phil. Doctor of Philosophy
D.Sc Doctor of Science
DC Direct Current
DIG Deputy Inspector General
DMA Direct Memory Access
DMK Dravida Munetra Kazhagam
DNA Deoxyribo-nucleic Acid
DTP Desktop Publishing
DVC Damodar Valley Corporation
DVD Digital Versatile/Video Disc
E & OE Errors and Omissions Excepted
EDI Electronic Data Interchange
EIS Executive Information System
E-MAIL Electronic Mailing
EMI Equated Monthly Instalments
ENIAC Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator
ENT Ear, Nose and Throat
EOF end of file
EOT Eastern Daylight Time
EPABX Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange
ERNET Educational and Research Network
FAQ Frequently Asked Question
FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation
FBT Fringe Benefit Tax
FBTR Fast Breeder Test Reactor
FBW Fly-By-Wire
FCI Food Corporation of India; Fertilizer Corporation of India
FDI Foreign Direct Investment
FEMA Foreign Exchange Management Act
FICCI Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry
FIFA International Football Federation (Federation Internationale de Football Association)
FIR First Information Report
FM Frequency modulation
FRCP Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
FRCS Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons
FRCS Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society
FRS Fellow of the Royal Society
G7 Group of Seven (US, UK, Germany, France, Italy, japan and Canada) G8 includes G7 plus Russia
GATE Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering
GATS General Agreement on Trade and Services
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GMAT Graduate Management Admission Test
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GSLV Geo-Synchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
GSP Generalised System Preference
GUI Graphical User Interface
HAL Hindustan Aeronautics Limited.
HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
HMI Himalayan Mountaineering Institute
HTML Hyper Text Markup Language
HUDCO Housing and Urban Development Corp.
HVAC Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning
i.e. id est (that is)
IAAI International Airport Authority of India
IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency
IARI Indian Agricultural Research Institute
IAS Indian Administrative Service
IATA International Air Transport Association
IBM International Business Machines
ICSE Indian Certificate of Secondary Educa tion
ICU Intensive Care Unit
ICWA Indian Council of World Affairs
IDA International Development Agency
IDBI Industrial Development Bank of India
IEEE Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineers
IELTS International English Language Testing System
IFC Industrial Finance Corporation, International Finance Corporation
IFS Indian Foreign Service; Indian Forest Service
IGNOU Indira Gandhi National Open University
IIPA Indian Institute of Public Administration
IISCO Indian Iron and Steel Company
IISS International Institute of Strategic Studies
IIT Indian Institute of Technology
ILA Indian Library Association
ILO International Labour Organisation
IMAP Internet Mail Access Protocol
IMF International Monetary Fund
INA Indian National Army
INTUC Indian National Trade Union Con gress
IOC Indian Oil Corporation
IP Internet Protocol
IPC Indian Penal Code
IPCL Indian Petro-Chemicals Corporation Ltd
IPI International Press Institute
IPO Initial Public Offering
IPS Indian Police Service; Inter Press Service
IQ Intelligence Quotient
IRC International Red Cross
IRDP Integrated Rural Development Programme
IRS Indian Revenue Service
ISBN International Standard Book Number
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISI Indian Standards Institution; Inter Services Intelligence
ISKCON International Society for Krishna Consciousness
ISO International Standards Organisation
ISRO Indian Space Research Organisation
IST Indian Standard Time
ITBP Indo-Tibetan Border Police
ITES Information Technology enabled services
ITI Indian Telephone Industries
Industrial Training Institute
ITU International Telecommunication Union
IVF In-Vitro Fertilisation
IVM In-vitro Maturation
JCO Junior Commissioned Officer
JEE Joint Entrance Examination
JPEG Joint Photographic Expert Group
LASER Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation
LCA Light Combat Aircraft
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
Least Common Denominator
LCM Lowest Common Multiple
LIC Life Insurance Corporation (of India)
LLB Bachelor of Laws
LMC Large Megallanic Cloud
LTTE Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam
M.A. Magisiter Artium (Master of Arts)
M.D Doctor of Medicine
MBA Master of Business Administration
MBBS Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
MCC Marylebone Cricket Club
MCI Medical Council of India
MICR Magnetic ink character recognition
MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface
MIPS Million Instructions per Second
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Master Instruction Tape
MLA Member of Legislative Assembly
MNC Multi-National Corporation
MODEM modulator demodulator
MP Member of Parliament; Madhya Pradesh
MPEG Motion Picture Experts Group
MRCP Member of the Royal College of Physicians
MTCR Missile Technology Control Regime
MVC Maha Vir Chakra
NAAC National Assessment and Accreditation Council
NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
NAFED National Agricultural Co-operative Marketing Federation
NALCO National Aluminium Company Ltd.
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Ad ministration
NASDAQ National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation
NASSCOM National Association of Software and Service Companies
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
NAV Net Asset Value
NCERT National Council of Educational Research and Training
NCSA National Centre for Supercomputing Applications; National Computer Security Association
NDA National Defence Academy
NOC No Objection Certificate
NPA Non-performing Assets
NPT Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
NRF National Renewal Fund
NSUI National Students Union of India
NTPC National Thermal Power Corporation
OBC Other Backward Classes
OCR Optical Character Recognition
ONGC Oil and Natural Gas Corporation
OOP Object Oriented Programme
OPEC Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
OSCAR Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio
PAN Permanent Account Number
Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy (Philosophiae Doctor)
PIL Public Interest Litigation
PIN Postal Index Number
PSLV Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
PWD Public Works Department;
R&D Research and Development
RADAR Radio Detecting and Ranging
RAM Random Access Memory
RAW Research & Analysis Wing
RBI Reserve Bank of India
RDX Research Department Explosive (Cyclotrim-ethylin Trinitrate)
RISC Reduced instruction-set computing
RNA Ribonucleic acid
ROM Read Only Memory
RPM Revolutions Per Minute
RTI Right to Information
SAIL Steel Authority of India Limited
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
SCSI Small Computer Systems Interface
SEBI Securities and Exchange Board of India
SENSEX Sensitivity Index (of Share Price)
SEZ Special Economic Zone
SGPC Siromani Gurudwara Prabandak Committee
SIM Subscriber Information Module
SLV Satellite Launch Vehicle
SMS Short Message Service
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
STD Subscriber Trunk Dialling; Sexually Transmitted Diseases
TADA Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act
TCP Transfer Call Protocol
Transmission Control Protocol
TELCO Tata Engineering and Locomotive Company
TFT Thin-Film Transistor
TIFR Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
TISCO Tata Iron and Steel Company
TOEFL Test of English as a Foreign Language
UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
UGC University Grants Commission
ULFA United Liberation Front of Asom
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organi-sation
UNI United News of India
UNICEF United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (now, 'United Nations Children's Fund')
UNU United Nations University
UPA United Progressive Alliance
UPSC Union Public Service Commission
URL Uniform Resource Locator
VAT Value Added Tax
VCR Video Cassette Recorder
VIP Very Important Person
VIRUS Vital Information Resources Under Siege
VRML Virtual Reality Modelling Language
VRS Voluntary Retirement Scheme
VSSC Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre
WHO World Health Organisation
WMO World Meteorological Organisation
WTO World Trade Orga-nisation
WWF World Wildlife Fund
WWW World Wide Web
WYSIWYG What you see is what you get
XML Extensible Mark-up Language
YMCA Young Men's Christian Association
ZIP Zone Improvement Plan
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