CENTRAL POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPANY OF A.P.LTD. SUB ENGINEERS RECRUITMENT

CENTRAL POWER DISTRIBUTION COMPANY OF A.P.LTD. MINT COMPOUND :: HYDERABAD –04.

NOTIFICATION

Applications are invited for the post of Sub-Engineer/Electrical on regular basis with the eligible candidates possessing DEE/DEEE/LEE from any of institutions recognized by State or Central Government. Candidates possessing BE/B.Tech/AMIE in Electrical Engineering discipline are also eligible.

                Sd/-

DIRECTOR (HRD & IR)

Note:-

Detailed Notification will  be placed shortly at www.apcentralpower.com. 

SELECTION PROCEDURE:

i) The selection of candidates for appointment will be made purely based on written
examination without oral Interview duly following the Rule of Reservation/Local
area reservation and other terms notified or modified from time to time
ii) Only those candidates who qualify in the written examination by being ranked
high, community wise will be called for verification of Original Certificates in 1:1
ratio.
(iii) The minimum qualifying marks in the written test for the above selection
process shall be as follows:
OC - 40%
BC - 35%
SC/ST - 30%
Or as per Rules
Note: Mere securing minimum qualifying marks doesn’t vest, any right to a
candidate for being called for verification of original certificates and by mere calling the candidate for certificate verification in the ratio of 1:1 doesn’t vest any right to a candidate for selection.

Details of Written Examination:
Date of examination: The written examination will be held on 12.12.2010 from 10 A.M. to 12 Noon.

SYLLABUS FOR WRITTEN EXAMINATION –SUB-ENGINEERs(ELECTRICAL)-2010
 
UNIT 1: BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Ohms and Kirchhoff’s Laws, star/delta transformation, Network theorems, Power and
Energy, Heating effects of Electric current, Magnetic effects, Electro magnetic induction,
Electrostatics. Batteries, Types of Electrical Engineering Materials – Conducting, Semiconducting,
Magnetic, Insulating, Di-electric – Properties and Uses.

UNIT II: D.C.MACHINES & MEASUREMENTS
D.C.Generators: Construction, Operation, types, EMF Equation, Windings, Characteristics,
Efficiency and Parallel operation.
DC Motors: Principle of operation, Back EMF, Torque Equation, Types, Characteristics,
Starters, Speed Control, Losses, Efficiency and Testing.
Measuring Instruments: Classification, Principle of Operation of moving Coil, Moving Iron,
Dynamometer type, Induction type meters. Instrument Transformers, Induction type Energy
meter, M.D.Indicator, TRI VECTOR Meter, PP Meter, Frequency meter, Measurement of
Resistance, Transducers and Sensors – Types, Thermistor, Thermocpuple, Pressure
Transducers and Strain gauges.

UNIT III: A.C.CIRCUITS AND TRANSFORMERS
A.C.Circuits: Fundamentals, Series and parallel R-L-C Circuits, Resonant circuits,
Polyphase circuits, Measurement of power by 2 Wattmeters.
Transformer: Single-phase Transformer, Construction, Operation, Equivalent circuit,
Polyphase Circuits, Measurement of power by 2 Wattmaters.

UNIT IV: A.C.MACHINES
Alternators: Construction, Operation, EMF equation, regulation, testing and parallel
operation.
Synchronous Motors: Operation and performance, effects of Excitation, V-Curve and
inverted V-Curve, methods of starting and uses.
Three-Phase induction Motors: Construction, Principle of Operation, Torque Equation,
Sliptorque characteristics, losses, efficiency, speed control, starters, double-cage motor.
Single-phase induction Motor: Types, Principle of operation, applications, single-phase
commutator motors: Types, Principle of operation and applications.

UNIT V: POWER SYSTEM GENERATION & PROTECTION
Generating Stations: Working, components, Comparison of Thermal, Hydel, Nuclear
stations, Pollution control, Combined Working, Power Stations auxiliaries, Characteristic
Curves and Important Terms, Types of tariffs, power factor correction and economy.
Power Systems Protection: Circuit Breakers Types, Principles of operation and uses.
Current Limiting reactors, Relays – Classification, Principle of Operation of Induction types
over current relay, Directional and Non-directional relays, differential relays and distance
relays, Protection of alternations, Transformers, Bus-bars, transmission lines, Lightening
arrestors, neutral grounding.

UNIT VI: TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION AND ELECTRIC BRAKING
Transmission and distribution: Types of supply systems, Transmission Line parameters,
inductance and capacitance, performance of short and medium lines, regulation, Ferranti
effect, Corona, Basic concepts of HVDC Transmission, Advantage and disadvantages of
HVDC Transmission.
Components of lines, supports, conductor spacing, ground clearance and sag, insularors,
voltage distribution across the string, string efficiency, methods of improving string
efficiency, Earthing and layout of sub-stations.
Cables – Classification, insulation resistance, specifications, Distribution – Radial and ring
distributors, variation of load voltage, Electric Braking – types of braking.

UNIT VII: ELECTRIC UTILISATION AND TRACTION
Lighting: Laws of Illumination, Types of Lamps, Lighting Schemes for indoor, outdoor, street
and factory.
Heating and Welding: Principles and application of different resistance heating, direct and
indirect arc furnaces, core and core less induction furnaces, di-electric heating, Welding
generators, welding transformers.
Electric Traction: Systems of Train Electrification, Speed-time Curves for different services,
schedule speed, Tractive Effort, Specific Energy Consumption, Traction system auxiliaries,
Traction motor.


UNIT VIII: ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION, ELECTRIC DRIVES AND AUTOMATION
Electrical Wiring: Tools, Wires, Types of wiring, Accessories, Lamp Circuits, Estimating and
Costing of domestic, industrial power, irrigation pump sets, Rural electrification,
departmental tests, earthing.
Electric Drives: Different Types, nature of load, rating of motor types of enclosures, motor
for different drives.
Automation: Basics of control system, Basic principles of Programmable Logic controller
(PLC), Parts of PLC, Simple applications with PLC.

UNIT IX: BASIC ELECTRONICS AND DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
Semi-Conductor devices: N Type & P type, Zener diode, PNP and NPN Transistors,
Transistor confitgurations, input and output characteristics, power supplies – half and full
wave rectifiers. Filters Zener diode regulation, Special devices-JT, FET,LED, SCR, Opto
Coupler, Photo diode, Photo Transistor.
Amplifiers: Types, Principles of operation, Characteristics
Oscillators: Types, Operation and application of each.
Modulation and De-Modulation: Principle of AM & FM systems, CRO-Working, Electronic
Testers, Advantages, function Generators, Industrial application of timers, Basics of IC’s.
Digital Electronics: Different numbering systems, inter Conversions Boolean Algebra, Logic
families, performance of AND, OR, NOT, NOR, NAND gates, combinational Logic Circuits,
Sequential logic circuits, Resistors and Memories, A/D and D/A converters.

UNIT X: POWER ELECTRONICS AND MICRO CONTROLLER
Power Electronic Devices: Construction and working of SCR, GTOSCR, DIAC, TRIAC,
Voltampere characteristics, Trigging of SCR using UJT Protection.
Convertors, AC regulators, Choppers, Invertors and Cycloconvertors:
Types of Convertors, Working of AC regulators and choppers. Types of invertors, Principles
of working, Basic principle of working of Cycloconvertors.
Speed control of D.C.Motors by using convertors and choppers, Speed control of induction
motor by; using AC Voltage regulators-V/f Control, Switched mode power supplies (SMPS),
UPS.
Micro Controllers: Architecture of 8051, Instruction set of 8051, Programming concepts,
peripheral ICS – Function, features, Pin details and interfacing of 8255,8251, 8279, 8257,
8259, RS-232.


The Question paper consists of one hundred multiple choice objective type questions, to be
answered on the OMR Answer sheet using HB pencil in 2 hours.

A.P. STATE CIVIL SUPPLIES CORPORATION EXAM PDS STUDY MATERIAL

DISTRIBUTION OF FOODGRAINS UNDER PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND OTHER WELFARE SCHEMES PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

The concept of Public Distribution System in the country was evolved around 1942 due to shortage of foodgrains during 2nd World War and Government intervention in distribution of food started. This intervention of Government in distribution of foodgrains in the food scarcity period and, thereafter, continued in major cities, towns & certain food deficit areas. This policy of Public Distribution System/Rationing System has undergone several changes with every lap of Five Year Planning System in the country. The Seventh Five Year Plan assigned to it a crucial role by bringing the entire population under Public Distribution System and became a permanent feature in the country's economy.
1.1 The Government of India fulfills certain objectives of food security through Public Distribution at an affordable price. In the present scenario, Public Distribution System strives to meet the twin objectives - the price support to the farmers for their product and maintenance of stocks. It is against these stocks procured under price support that every month Government releases a prescribed quantity, in each State for distribution under Public Distribution System. This mission of the Government of India is brought into the reality at the operational level by FCI. The Sales Division communicates the said allocation to its Regional Offices. On receipt of sub-allocation from the State Government, the Regional Offices issue the instructions to the District Offices for releasing the stocks to the respective State Government /their nominees on prepayment basis at district level.1.2 TARGETED PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM(T.P.D.S.)
Public Distribution System was widely criticised for its failure to serve the population below the poverty line, its urban bias, negligible coverage in the States with the highest concentration of the rural poor and lack of transport and accountable arrangements for delivery. Realising this, the GOI has introduced the TPDS scheme w.e.f. 1.6.1997 (w.e.f. 1.5.1997 for the states of Tripura, Haryana and Gujarat) to streamline the PDS by issuing special cards to the families below the poverty line and selling essential articles under PDS to them at a specially subsidised prices with better monitoring of the delivery system. This quantity is issued as rice or wheat or combination of both at BPL prices. The States fix Consumer End Prices (C.E.P). at FPS level at not more than fifty paise per Kg. Over the Central Issue Price (CIP) particularly for the population below the poverty line. The States are also free to add the quantum coverage and the subsidy from their own resources. Common verities of rice are reserved exclusively for the population Below Poverty Line.1.3 The scheme Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS) is effective all over the country. The allotment/lifting of wheat and rice under TPDS (BPL, APL & AAY) during last five years are as under:-1.4 ANTYODAYA ANNA YOJNA
Govt. of India has decided to issue rice and wheat at the rate of Rs. 3/- per Kg. And Rs. 2/- per Kg., respectively to the poorest strata of population out of the earlier identified BPL population. The allocation and lifting of wheat and rice under this scheme during last five years is as under :
1.5 PRICING
The Government of India, Ministry of CA,F&PD has been fixing Central Issue Prices of wheat and rice from time to time which is uniform throughout the country. The present Central Issue price of wheat and rice effective from 1.7.2002 are as under:-
1.6 VALIDITYGovt. of India is allocating foodgrains (wheat and rice) under Targeted Public Distribution System on monthly basis and issues allocation order for the financial-year wise and makes further revision, if any, from time to time.Ministry during February 2008 has revised the instructions to steamlining of procedure regarding issuance and revalidation/extension of validity period for lifting of foodgrains under TPDS. The validity period for lifting of allocated foodgrains under TPDS will be 50 days for each allocation month separately, starting from 1st day of the month preceding the allocation month and ending on 20th day of the allocation month. For example, the validity period for the allocation for April will be from 1st March to 20th April.
Ministry has made it mandatory for State and UT Govt. to deposit the cost of foodgrains to FCI by 15th of the allocation month (crediting of the amount to the FCI accoubnt) and lifting is allowed within the validity period. Further, power delegated for extension of 15 days by Area Managers has been withdrawn and extension of validity period for 15 days can be granted only by Executive Director (Zone) in cases where State Govt has desposited the entire cost of allotment before 15th of the allocation month and when full quantity of allcoated foodgrains were not available during the validity period in the assigned or alternately assigned FCI depots.

1.7 QUALITY CONFIRMATIONThe foodgrains stocks are lifted by the State Govt./their nominees. Before issue of the stocks, they are allowed to verify the stocks and get themselves satisfied about the quality. Three representative samples are drawn and sealed with joint seal from the stocks issued. One is given to the recepient for displaying at the issue/sale point and two are retained by the FCI, one for depot and the other for District Office.
2.0 WELFARE SCHEMES
Food Corporation of India is also issuing foodgrains under various schemes of the Govt. of India viz. Mid-Day-Meal, Nutrition Programme, SC/ST/OBC Hostels, Welfare Institutions & Hostels, Annapurna, Sampoorn Gramin Rozgar Yojna (SGRY), National Food for Work Programme, Scheme for Adolscent Girls, Pregnant & Lactating Mothers and World Food Programme (WFP) etc. Schemewise details are as under :-
2.1 MID-DAY-MEAL(NATIONAL PROGRAMME OF NUTRITION SUPPORT TO PRIMARY EDUCATION)The GOI have introduced Mid Day Meal scheme- National Programme of Nutrition Support to Primary Education in Primary School in 2368 Employment Assurance Scheme(EAS)/ Revamped PDS Blocks/ Low Female Literacy Blocks w.e.f. 15th August, 1995. Under this Scheme, every child is entitled to 3 kgs. wheat/rice per month at the rate of 100 gms. per day.
The foodgrains are issued by FCI to the nominees of the District Collector without charging any cost from them. However, FCI was raising the monthly bills with MOHRD for claiming the Economic Cost of foodgrains supplied to each State/UT during the month till 31.10.2000. With effect from 1.11.2000 foodgrains under this scheme are being released at the rates applicable to BPL families. A revolving fund to the tune of Rs. 300 crores has already been provided to FCI by MOHRD. Strict Instructions have been issued to the issuing authorities that only good quality of foodgrains be issued under the scheme.
The Ministry of HRD has also extended the NP-NSPE popularly called the Mid day Meal Scheme to the students studying in Primary classes( I to V) in Education Guarantee Scheme(EGS) centres and other alternative education in the States of West Bengal & Assam from January, 2003. From October 2007 the scheme has further extended upto middle standard (VIth to VIIIth). Under this Scheme, every child is entitled to 150 gms. of foodgrains per school day.Details of allotment and lifting during last five years are as under :-
2.3 SC/ST/OBC HOSTELS & WELFARE INSTITUTIONS
The Ministry of CAF&PD and the Ministry of Social Justice & Empowerment has to monitor the Scheme for providing foodgrains to SC/ST/OBC Hostels. Hostels having students belonging to SC/ST/OBC categories are eligible to draw 15 Kgs. foodgrains per resident per month.
The Government of India w.e.f. 2.11.2000 has decided that foodgrains (wheat/rice) will also be allotted to the State Governments at the rate of 5 Kg per head per month for indigent people living in Welfare Institutions, such as, Beggar Homes, Homes for Nari Niketan etc. sponsored by the State Govts. and the concerned UT administration. Foodgrains are supplied by FCI at BPL rates. It is clarified that from the year 2002-2003, the MOCAF&PD has been making monthly allotment equivalent to 5% of BPL allotment of the State/UT under the head “Welfare Institutions & Hostels” to meet the requirement of the State/UT for providing foodgrains to different type of welfare institutions. Since April 2005, the Ministry of CAF&PD has enhanced quota of allotment under this scheme to 5% of the monthly allotment made under BPL & AAY. Further, the criterion for making the allotment has been changed by the Department of Food & Public Distribution and the allocation is now being made on the basis of average offtake of last three years.The details of quantities allotted and lifted by the State/UT Govts. during last five years are as under :-
2.4 ANNAPURNA SCHEME
The Union Finance Minister in his Budget Speech for the year, 1999-2000, announced a programme of Food Security for the destitues of aged 65 years and above entitled "Annapurna " under which 10 Kgs. of foodgrains pr month are to be provided, free of cost, to all indigent seniour citizens who are eligible for Old Age Pension under the National Old Age Pension Scheme(NOAPS) but are, presently, not receiving the same. This scheme has been approved by the Govt.of India and has been launched from April 2000.
The Nodal Agency for implementing this scheme was the Deptt. of Rural Development in the Union Ministry of Rural Development and allocated funds under the said scheme in favour of all the States & UTs for the year 2000-2001. The foodgrain under this scheme is being issued at BPL rates w.e.f. 1.11.2000. Since, 2002-03 the Annapurna Scheme was transferred to the State Plan and no state-wise allocation of funds and foodgrains were made by the Ministry of Rural Development. Presently, the allotment under Annapurna Scheme is being made by Ministry of CAF&PD on monthly basis.The details of allotment & lifting under this scheme are as under :-
2.5 SAMPOORN GRAMIN ROZGAR YOJNA (SGRY)
Govt. of India introduced Sampoorn Gramin Rozgar Yojna during October, 2001, covering two different schemes namely Jawahar Gramin Smriddhi Yojna (JGSY) & Employment Assuarance Scheme (EAS). The said 2 schemes have now been merged and named as SGRY-normal. Besides this foodgrains are also allotted under Special Component of SGRY to drought / flood affected areas. Wheat and rice under this scheme is issued free of cost to the States/UTs and subsequently bills are raised at Economic Cost with the Ministry of Rural Development. The scheme has been suspended w.e.f. 1.4.2008.
The details of allocation & offtke under SGRY including Special Component are as under :

2.6 NATIONAL FOOD FOR WORK PROGRAMME(NFFWP)
Hon‟ble Prime Minister of India has launched National Food For Work Programme in identified 150 most backward districts of the country during the month of November 2004. Under this scheme, the labour is engaged for development works and then a part of their wages is given as foodgrains. Under this scheme, foodgrains are issued free of cost to the States/UTs and bills are subsequently raised with MORD at BPL rates.
In the beginning a quantity of 20 lakh MTs of foodgrains were allotted by the Ministry of Rural Development for the year 2004-2005 which was valid for lifting upto 30th June 2005 and allotment to the tune of 9 Lakh MT for the year 2005-06 was valid upto 30th June 2006. Further, there is no allocation made for the year 2006-07.
The details of allotment and offtake under NFFWP are as under :-

APSRTC SHRAMIK POSTS RECRUITMENT

A.P. STATE SEED CERTIFICATION AGENCY RECRUITMENT

WARANGAL DISTRICT FOREST RECRUITMENT

FCI SOUTH ZONE PWD RECRUITMENT

FCI SOUTH ZONE RECRUITMENT

APSRTC TRAFFIC / MECHANICAL SUPERVISORS TRAINEE RECRUITMENT

APSRTC TRAFFIC / MECHANICAL SUPERVISORS TRAINEE RECRUITMENT

THE A.P. DAIRY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION FEDERATION LTD. RECRUITMENT

 

PROCEDURE OF SELECTION:
1. The selection of candidates for appointment to the posts will be made in two successive stages viz.
I. Written examination (Objective type)
II. Oral test in the shape of interview
2. The Final Selection of these posts will be based on the written and oral marks put together in order of merit.
3. Only those candidates who qualify in written examination by being ranked high will be called for oral interview in 1:3 ratio. The minimum marks are 40% for OC; 35% for BCs & 30% for SC / ST / PH. The minimum qualifying marks are relaxable in case of BC / SC / ST / PH on the discretion of Board of APDDCF Ltd.,

SYLLABUS FOR THE POST OF JUNIOR ENGINEER (MECHANICAL / ELECTRICAL /ELECTRONICS)

MECHANICAL:

1. THERMODYNAMICS: Basic concepts, Open and closed systems. Heat and work, Zeroth, First and second law, application to flow and non-flow processes. Entropy: Availability, Irreversibility, T-S relations, Clapery on and real gas Equations. Properties of ideal gases and vapours. Air standard cycles. Two stage air compressor, CI and SI engineers, Valve travel diagram, Pre ignition, Detonation and Diesel knock, Fuel injection, Carburetion, Super charging, Turbo prop and Rocket engineers. Cooling, Emission and Control. Measurement of calorific value of fuels. Conventional and Nuclear fuels.
2. HEAT TRANSFER: Modes of heat transfer. One – dimensional steady and unsteady conduction. Composite slab and equivalent resistance. Heat dissipation from extended surfaces. Heat exchangers, Over all heat transfer coefficient, Empirical correlations for heat transfer in laminar and turbulent flow, Heat transfer in free and forced convection. Thermal boundary layer over a flat plate. Fundamentals of diffusive and convective mass transfer. Black body and fundamental concepts of radiation. Shape factor, Network analysis.
3. REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING : Heat pump, Refrigeration cycles and systems, Refrigerants, Condensers, Expansion devices, Psychrometry, Charts and application to air conditioning, Sensible heating and cooling. Effective temperature, Comfort indices, Load calculations. Solar refrigeration, Duct design.
4. STEAM GENERATORS AND TURBINES : Fire tube and water tube boilers. Binary vapour system. Flow of steam through nozzles and Diffusers. Dryness fraction, Condensation. Various types of turbines, Compounding, Velocity triangles, Partial admission, Reheat, Regeneration, Efficiency and Governance. Gas Turbines, Role of Mach number.
5. MACHINE DESIGN : Theories of failure, Design of Cotter joint, Keys, Splines, Welded joints, Threaded fasteners, Bolt of uniform strength, Screw jack. Design of Bearing, Couplings, Clutches, BELT DRIVES and Spur gear system. Hydrodynamic and Antifriction bearings. Design of shafts for combined loads. Helical and Leaf Springs. Thin and Thick walled pressure vessels.
6. INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING : Production planning and Control : Forecasting, Moving Averages, Exponential Smoothing, Operations, Scheduling, Assembly line balancing. Product Development, Break-even analysis, Capacity Planning, PERT and CPM.
CONTROL OPERATIONS: Inventory Control, ABC analysis, EOQ model, Material
requirement planning. Job Design, Job standards, Work Measurement, Quality
Management, Quality Analysis and Control.
Operations Research: Linear Programming – Graphical and simplex methods.
Transport and Value Engineer: Value analysis for Cost value.
7. ELEMENTS OF COMPUTATION: Computer Organization, Flow charting, Features of common computer languages – FORTRAN, d Base III, Lotus 1-2-3, C and Elementary Programming. 

ELECTRICAL :

 
1. ELECTRIC CIRCUITS: Active and passive network elements – dependent and independent sources – response of passive elements to arbitrary excitations – energy stored in inductance and capacitance – Kirchoff’s loss – formation of mesh and nodel intergo differential equations – their solutions by classical and Laplace transformation methods – Transient and steady state response of RL, RC elements to impulse, step, ramp and sinusoidal inputs – single phase AC circuits – methods of solutions – poly phase circuits – analysis of balanced and unbalanced circuits – measurements of three phase power.
2. ELECTRICAL MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTS : Absolute and secondary instruments types - Principle of operation of different type of instrument – extension of instrument ranges – measurement of voltage, current , power and energy – localization of cable faults – Murray loop and Varley loop tests – Cathode ray Oscilloscope.
3. ILLUMINATION: Solid angle, luminous flux, luminous flux, luminous intensity – Illumination and candle power – laws of Illumination – flood lighting, street lighting – electric lamps.
4. DC GENERATORS AND MOTORS : Types of DC generators – EMP equation – constructional details – characteristics of shunt, series and compound generators – Armature reaction – types of DC motors – Torque developed in a DC motor – speed controls of DC motors and starters.
5. TRANSFORMERS : Constructional details – Principle of operation - Vector diagrams on no load and load – regulation and efficiency – equivalent circuits and tests for the determination of parameters of equivalent circuits – types of three phase transformers and their applications – Scoot connection of transformers.
6. 3-PHASE ALTERNATORS : Principle of operation and constructional details – types of Alternators – synchronous impedance – voltage regulation – short circuit ration and its importance – phasor diagrams of round rotor and salient pole machines – synchronization – behavior of an alternator connected to infinite bus – effect of varying excitation current and mechanical torque – power angle curves – control of active and reactive powers.
7. 3-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS: PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION – Cage and Slip ring motors – torque slip characteristics – methods of speed control.
8. 3-PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS : Principle of operation – torque developed and methods of starting – V and Inverted V curves – effects of variations of excitation – synchronous condensers.
9. SINGLE PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS : Types of single phase motors – Types of Single phase induction motors – characteristics and methods of starting – shaded pole induction motor.
10. TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION : Line Constants – Inductance and capacitance calculations – Representation of over head lines – Short, Medium and Long lines – ABCD constants – Mechanical Design – Seg, Tension Calculations, Turned Power Lines.
11. OVER HEAD LINE INSULATORS: Type of Insulators – Potential distributions over a string of suspension insulators – string efficiency – Methods of improving string efficiency.\
12. UNDERGROUND CABLES : Insulation of cables – Grading of cables – capacitance Measurement in cables - Testing of cables – Power frequency withstand tests.
13. FAULT CALCULATIONS: Balanced Fault Calculations on systems – Symmetrical components – Types – of faults – Analysis of unbalanced faults.
14. GENERATING STATIONS: Location and types, types of hydroelectric power stations, layout of a hydro-power plant, types of turbines used – pumped storage installations – Layout of thermal electric Power stations, types of turbines used, condensers, cooling towers, boiler feed pump: energy flow diagram of steam power plant. Nuclear power generation: nuclear fission – types of nuclear power reactors – principle of a fast breeder reactor.
15. PROTECTION: Characteristic of Relays - Over current, directional and distance protection of lines. Protection of Alternators against stator faults, rotor faults . loss of excitation, unbalanced loading, overloading, failure of prime –mover. Over speeding and voltage, protection transformers against winding faults, overloads and external short circuits.
16. CIRCUIT BREAKERS : Air-blast, oil, minimum oil, vacuum – sulphur hexafluoride circuit breakers – Relative merits and demerits.
17. ECONOMIC ASPECTS: Generation costs and their classification, load curve, load utilization and plant capacity factor. Load sharing between base load and peak-load stations. Load forecasting. Economical distribution of load between unit within an plant and between plants. Modeling of fuel costs for thermal generation. Optimal operation of an all thermal generating system and of a hydro-thermal system. Consideration of transmission losses.
18. UTILIZATION OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY: Industrial drives – Motors for various drives – Motors for various drives – Estimating and Rating – Testing of D.C. and A.C. motors – Neutral Earthing.

ELECTRONICS

FUNDAMENTALS: Coulomb’s law – Ohms law – Fardays laws of electromagnetic induction, Kirchoff’s laws, Ampere’s law Resistance, Capacitance and inductance.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS: Graph, tree and links – Loop currents, node voltages two port net works, Z, Y and Hybrid parameters, Alternating currents, RMS value, form factor, R.L.C. in AC circuits power, and power factor, netweork theorms – Harmonic analysis.
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS: Logic circuits - Universal gates Booleans functions and their realisation – Product of sums and sums of product forms – Combinational circuits – Sequential circuits, SR & JK flip flops, Series and parallel Counters Registers. 

Networks
Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs -- incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations time domain analysis simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks.

Electronic Devices
Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implanation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process. 

Signals and Systems
Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier seris, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, z-transform. Sampling theorems. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties -- casuality, stability, impulse response, convoilution, poles and zeros frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems. Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density.

Controls Systems
Basic control system components -- block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems -- transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proporational-Integral-Derivative(PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems. 

Electromagnetics
Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl -- Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media -- reflection and refraction -- phase and group velocity -- skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance -- impedance transformation -- Smith chart -- impedance matching -- pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides -- boundary conditions -- cut-off frequencies -- dispersion relations. Antennas: Dipole antennas -- antenna arrays -- radiation pattern -- reciprocity theorem, antenna gain.

TRANSDUCERS AND SIGNAL CONDITIONERS:
Introduction to Instrumentation and Measurement system. General concepts and terminology, measurement systems, Transducers classification, general input-output configuration, methods of correction, performance characteristics – static characteristics of measurement systems, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, other characteristics : Linearity, resolution, systematic errors, random errors, dynamic characteristics of measurement systems: zero – order, and second-order measurement systems and response to step, ramp and impulse inputs, Loading effects under dynamic conditions. Resistive, Inductive, Capacitive, Self-Generating Transducers, Thermal and Radiation Transducers, Photo sensors. Signal conditioners for different Transducers. Digital Sensors.

INSTRUMENTATION COMPONENTS:
Mechanical Components, Pneumatic Components, Electrical & Electromechanical Components, Electronic components, Optoelectronic components.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT AND INSTRUMENTS:
Introduction to measurements, Physical measurements, Forms and methods of measurements. Measurements errors. Statistical analysis of measurement data. Probability of errors. Limiting errors. Standards, Definitions of standard units, Types of standards, Standards for various parameters. Reliability, Testing and calibration, Types of calibration, Calibration of different Equipments. AC and DC Voltage and Current measurements. Bridges and measurements using brides. HF Bridges. Electrical instruments, Electronic Instruments, Oscilloscopes, Signal Generators and Analyzers, Frequency and Time Measurement. Spectrum Analyzers.
INDUSTRIAL INSTRUMENTATION:
Metrology, Velocity and Acceleration Measurement, Force and Troque Measurement, Pressure Measurement, Flow Measurement, Density Measurement, Radiation Measurement, Other Measurements.
PROCESS CONTROL INSTRUMENTATION:
Process Dynamics, process variables, Load variables, Dynamics of simple pressure, flow level and temperature process, interacting and non-interacting systems, continuous and batch process, self-regulation, Servo and Regular operation, problems. Control Actions and controllers, Optimum Controller Settings, Final Control Elements, Multi loop Control System.
ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTATION:
pH and Conductivity & Dissolved component analyzers, Gas Analyses, Chromatography, Spectrophotometers, Principle of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and applications.
VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION:
Historical perspective, advantages, block diagram and architecture of a virtual instrument, data-flow techniques, graphical programming in data flow, comparison with conventional programming. Development of Virtual instrument using GUI, Real-time systems, Embedded controller, OPC, HMI/SCADA software, Active X programming.
Virtual Instrumentation (VI) programming Techniques – Data Acquisition Basics, VI Chassis Requirements, Bus interfaces, Networking Basics for Office & Industrial Applications, VISA and IVI, VI toolsets, Distributed I/O Modules, Simulation of Systems Using VI.

SYLLABUS FOR THE POST OF JUNIOR ENGINEER (CIVIL)

1) STRENGTH OF MATERIALS:-
Simple stresses and Strains: Types of stresses and strains – Hook’s Law, Stress-strain curve for mild steel working stress and factor of safety Posion ratio – State of simple shear, complementary – Shear Elastic constants and their relations – Compound bars – Thermal stress.
Compound stresses Mohr’s circle of stress – Principal stresses and planes.
Shear force and bending moment diagrams: S.F.D. and B.M.D. for cantilevers, simply supported beams and over hanging beams subjected to point leads and uniformly distributed loads. Relations among load, shear force and bending moment.
Bending and shear stress: Basic equation; M/I = F/Y = E/R – Distribution of bending and shear stresses across various cross sections such as rectangular, circular, I and T sections, Torsion of Circular shafts – power transmission.
Columns and struts: Euler’s theory and Rankine’s Theory – Socant and Perry formulae for eccentrically loaded columns.
Deflections and slopes: Slopes and deflections in cantilevers simply supported beams; propped beams and fixed beams subjected to point leads and uniformly distributed loads.
2 ) FLUID MACHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY:
Fluid statics: Hydrostatic force on a plane and curved area Centre of pressure and its applications to lockgates and dams Metacentric height.
Fluid Dynamics: Convective and local acceleration, Euler’s equation of motion and its intergration, Bernoulli’s equation motion and its application, flow in curved path. Free and forced vortex.
Flow measurements: Notches and weirs, venturimeters, pitot tube, nozzle meter, current meter.
3) BUILDING MATERIALS:
Timber: Different types and species of structural timber, density – moisture relationship, strength in different directions, defects, preservations, plywood.
Bricks: Types, Indian standard classification, absorption, saturation factor, strength in masonry, influence of mortar strength on masonry strength.
Cement: Compounds of different types, setting times, strength.
Cement mortar: Ingredients, proportions, water demand, mortars for plastering and masonry.
Concrete: Importance of w/c ratio, strength, ingredients including admixtures, workability, testing for strength, mix design methods, non-destructive testing.

4) STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS:
Analysis of determinate structures – different methods. Analysis of indeterminate skeletal frames – Moment distribution, Slope deflection, Kani’s, Stiffness and force methods, Energy methods, Muller Breslan principle and application. Plastic analysis of indeterminate beams and simple portal frames – Shape factors.
5) DESIGN OF CONCRETE AND MASONRY STRUCTURES:
Limit state design for bending, Shear, Axial compression and combined forces. Codal provision for slabs, Beams, Columns and footings. Working stress method of design of R.C. members. Principles of pre-stressed concrete design, Materials, Methods of pre-stressing, losses. Design of simple members and determinate structures. Design of brick masonry as per IS codes.
6) ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING:
A) Waste Water engineering: Urban rain water disposal, Systems of sewage collection and disposal. Design of sewers and sewerage systems, Pumping. Characteristics of sewage and its treatment. Disposal of products of sewage treatment. Plumbing systems. Rural and semi-urban sanitation.
B) Solid Waste96 Management: Sources and effects of air pollution, Monitoring of air pollution, Noise pollution, Standards, Ecological chain and balance. Environmental assessment.
7). SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION ENGINEERING:
Properties and classification of soil, Compaction, Permeability and Seepage, Flow nets, Inverted filters, Compressibility and consolidation. Shearing resistance, Stresses and failure. Soil testing in laboratories and in-situ, Earth pressure theories, Stress distribution in soils, Soil exploration, Samplers, Load tests, Penetration tests. Types of foundations, Selection criteria, Bearing capacity, Settlement, Laboratory and field tests, Types of piles and their design and layout. Foundations on expansive soils, Swelling and its prevention, Foundation on swelling soils.
8) SURVEYING AND TRANSPORT ENGINEERING:
Classification of surveys, Scales, Accuracy, Measurement of distances, Direct and indirect methods, Optical and electronic devices, Measurement of directions, Prismatic compass, Local attraction, The odlytes, Types, Measurement of elevations, Spirit and trigonometric leveling, Contours, Digital elevation modeling concept.
9) GENERAL MENTAL ABILITY: (Reasoning and analytical abilities)

1. ACCOUNTS:
Level of Knowledge: Working knowledge
Objectives:
a. To lay a theoretical foundation for the preparation and presentation of financial statements,
b. To gain working knowledge of the professional standards, principles and procedures of accounting and their application to different practical situations,
c. To gain the ability to solve simple problems and cases relating to company accounts including special type of corporate entities, partnershiop accounts and
d. To familiarize students with the fundamentals of computerized system of accounting, contests
Contents
1. Conceptual Framework for Preparation and Presentation of Financial Statements.
2. Accounting Standards. An overview; standards setting process Working knowledge of all applicable Accounting Standards
3. Company Accounts
a. Preparation of financial statements – Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Statement
b. Profit (Loss) prior to incorporation
c. Alteration of share capital, Conversion of fully paid shares into stock and stock into shares, Accounting for bonus issue, Accounting for employee stock option plan, Buy back of securities, Equity shares with differential rights, Underwriting of shares and debentures, Redemption of debentures
d. Accounting for business acquisition, Amalgamation and reconstruction (excluding problems of amalgamation on inter-company holding)
e. Accounting involved in liquidation of companies, Statement of Affairs (including deficiency/ surplus accounts) and liquidator’s statement of account of the winding up.
4. Accounts from Incomplete Records
5. Accounting for Special Transactions
(a) Hire Purchase and installment sale transactions
(b) Investment accounts
(c) Departmental and branch accounts including foreign branches
(d) Insurance claims for loss of stock and loss of profit.
6. Accounting in Computerized Environment
(ii) An overview of computerized accounting system- Salient features and significance, Concept of grouping of accounts, Codification of accounts, Maintaining the hierarchy of ledger, Accounting packages and consideration for their selection, Generating Accounting Reports for absorbing overheads to products or services
(iii) Administration overheads --- Method of allocation to cost centres or products
(iv) Selling and distribution overheads --- Analysis and absorption of the expenses in products / customers, impact of marketing strategies, cost effectiveness of various methods of sales promotion.
3. Cost Book-Keeping
Cost Ledgers – Non-integrated accounts, Integrated accounts, Reconciliation of cost and financial accounts.
4. Costing Systems
(a) Job Costing. Job cost cards and database, Collecting direct costs of each job, Attributing overhead costs to jobs, Applications of job costing.
(b) Batch Costing
(c) Contract Costing. Progress payments, Retention money, Escalation clause, Contract accounts, Accounting for material, Accounting for plant used in a contract, Contract profit and Balance sheet entries.
(d) Process Costing
Double entry book keeping, Process loss, Abnormal gains and losses, Equivalent units Interprocess profit, Joint products and by products.
(e) Operating Costing System
5. Introduction to Marginal Costing
Marginal costing compared with absorption costing, Contribution, Breakeven
analysis and profit volume graph.
6. Introduction to Standard Costing
Various types of standards, Setting of standards, Basic concepts of material and
Labour standards and variance analysis.
7. Budgets and Budgetary Control.
The budget manual, preparation and monitoring procedures, budget variances, flexible budget, preparation of functional budget for operating and non-operating functions, cash budget, master budget, principal budget factors.
Financial Management
Objectives:
(a) To develop ability to analyse and interpret various tools of financial analysis and planning,
(b) To gain knowledge of management and financing of working capital,
(c) To understand concepts relating to financing and investments decisions, and
(d) To be able to solve simple cases.
1. Scope and Objectives of Financial Management.
(a) Meaning, Importance and Objectives
(b) Conflicts in profit versus value maximization principle
(c) Role of Chief Financial Officer
2. Time Value of Money
Compounding and Discounting techniques --- Concepts of Annuity and Perpetuity.

2. COST ACCOUNTING
Objectives:
a. To understand the basic concepts and processes used to determine product costs.
b. To be able to interpret cost accounting statements.
c. To be able to analyse and evaluate information for cost ascertainment, planning control and decision making, and
d. To be able to solve simple cases.
Contests:
1. INTRODUCTION TO COST ACCOUNTING.
a. Objectives and scope of Cost Accounting
b. Cost centres and Cost Units
c. Cost Classification for stock valuation, Profit measurement, Decision making and control
d. Coding Systems
e. Elements of Cost
f. Cost behavior pattern, Separating the component of semi-variable costs
g. Installation of a Costing system
h. Relationship of Cost Accounting, Financial Accounting, Management Accounting and Financial Management.
2. COST ASCERTAINMENT
(a) Material Cost
I. Procurement procedures – Store procedures and documentation in respect of receipts and issue of stock, Stock verification.
II. Inventory control – Techniques of fixing of minimum, maximum and recorder levels, Economics Order Quantity, ABC classification, Stocktaking and perpetual inventory.
III. Inventory accounting.
IV. Consumption – Identification with products of cost centres, Basis for consumption entries in financial accounts, monitoring consumption.
(b) Employee cost
I. Attendance and payroll procedures, Overview of statutory requirements, Overtime idle time and Incentives.
II. Labour turnover
III. Utilization of labour, Direct and indirect labour, Charging of labour cost, identifying labour hours with work orders or batches or capital jobs.
IV. Efficiency rating procedures
V. Remuneration systems and incentive schemes.
(c) Direct Expenses sub-contracting –Control on material movements, Identification with the main product or service.
(d) Overheads.

I. Functional analysis – Factory, Administration, Selling, Distribution, Research and Development Behavioral analysis – Fixed, Variable, Semi variables and step cost
II. Factory Overheads – Primary distribution and secondary distribution, Criteria for choosing suitable basis for allotment, Capacity cost adjustments, Fixed absorption rates
3. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND PLANNING:
a. Ration Analysis for performance evaluation and financial health
b. Application of Ratio Analysis in decision making
c. Analysis of Cash Flow Statement.
4. FINANCING DECISION
a. Cost of Capital – Weighted average cost of capital and Marginal cost of capital
b. Capital structures decisions – Capital structures patterns, Designing optimum capital structure, Constraints, various capital structure theories.
c. Business Risk and Financial Risk – Operating and financial leverage, Trading on Equity.
5. TYPES OF FINANCING.
a. Different sources of finance
b. Project financing - Intermediate and long term financing.
c. Negotiating term loans with banks and financial institutions and appraisal thereof
d. Introduction to lease financing.
e. Venture capital finance.
6. INVESTMENT DECISIONS
a. Purpose, Objective, Process
b. Understanding different types of projects.
c. Techniques of decision making: Non – discounted and Discounted Cash flow Approaches – Payback Period Method, Accounting Rate of Return, Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Modified Internal Rate of Return, Discounted Payback Period and Profitability Index.
d. Ranking of competing projects, Ranking of projects with unequal lives.
7. MANAGEMENT OF WORKING CAPITAL.
a. Working capital policies
b. Funds flow analysis
c. Inventory Management
d. Receivables Management
e. Payables Management
f. Management of cash and marketable securities
g. Financing of working capital.

SYLLABUS FOR RSM / AM (MKTG) / MARKETING SUPERINTENDENT.
1. Marketing Management: Strategic Marketing Process, Marketing Environment, Marketing Information Systems. Consumer Buyer Behavior, Business Buyer Behavior, Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning.
2. Product Management: Decisions, Development and Lifecycle Strategies, Services and Branding Strategy.
3. Distribution Management: Personal Communication Channels, New Personal Communication Channels, Customer Relationship Management.
4. Financial Management: Financial Planning, Time Value of Money, Cost of Capital, Capital Structure. Capital Budgeting, Risk Analysis in Capital Budgeting. Cash Management, Inventary, Receivables Management.
5. Managerial Economics: Demand Analysis, Demand Forecasting, Production Analysis, Market Analysis, Business Cycles.
6. Management Process and Organization Behavior: Management Process Organizational Behavior, Learning, Personality Emotions, Perception, Motivation Group Behavior, Stress Management, Organisation Development.
7. Business Communication: Types and Channels of Communication
8. Statistics for Management: Statistical Survey, Classification, Tabulation and Presentation of Data, Probabilities, Sampling Distributions, Estimations Business Forecasting, Time Series Analysis, Decision Support Systems.
9. International Marketing: International Marketing Barriers, Political, Legal Environment, Cultural Environment, Product Strategies, Distribution Channels, Promotion Strategies, Pricing.
10. E – Marketing: Strategic E – Marketing, E – Marketing Plan, Online Consumer Behavior, E – Marketing Segmentation & Targeting Four P’s in E – Marketing, E – Consumer, Relationship Management.
11. Retail Marketing: Retail Market Strategy, Store Management Merchandise Management, Merchandise Pricing, Retail Control.
12. Sales Distribution and Supply Chain Management: Personal Selling and Sales Management Organisation Sales Department, Sales Force Management, Logistics of Distribution, Channel Management Planning and Designing Supply Chain Co-ordination in Supply Chain.
13. Adverting and Sales Promotion: Setting Advertising Objectives and Strategies, Advertising Budgets, Media Planning, Sales Promotion.
14. Legal Aspect of Business: Law of Contract, Discharges of Contract, Contract of Indemnity and Guarantee, Negotiable Instruments Act, Companies Act, Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Shops and Establishments Act.
15. Management Information System: MIS Concepts, Strategic MIS Business Processing Methodology, MIS Planning and Development, MIS Organisation Structure Trends in MIS, Decision Marking in MIS, Inter Organizational System – Internet Information Technology and Systems Security and Ethical issues.

Examinations for the Post of AEE (Civil) held in Tirupati

TTD has notified for 16 posts of Assistant Executive Engineers (Civil) and received applications through online and 2054 applications have been received. Since the number was lesser, it was decided not to insist on payment of fees for downloading the e-admit card or hall ticket and accordingly, facility was given to download hall ticket. There were around 23 invalid applications and 134 candidates have applied more than one time.
Examination was conducted on 24-10-2010 and totally 581 candidates have attended for the examination and this works out to be 31%.

Centre wise particulars:

Sri padmavathi Womens Degree College - 332

• Sri Padmavathi Women Junior College - 249

Total - 581
It was updated in the website in the “instructions to candidates” that normal scientific calculators are allowed for the examination and programmable calculators are not allowed, despite the instructions in the hall ticket. Since certain section of candidates have not accessed the updated information, it was decided not to allow the calculators in both the centres and accordingly candidates were not permitted to utlize the calculators.
The results of the examination will be announced within a week time.

MANAGEMENT TESTS CALENDER

MAHABOOBNAGAR DISTRICT ACHHAMPET DIVISION FOREST RECRUITMENT

BHADRACHALAM SOUTH DIVISION FOREST RECRUITMENT

KOTHAGUDEM DIVISION FOREST RECRUITMENT